Discussion - Member to Member Sales - Research Center
Discussion - Member to Member Sales - Research Center
Frederick II was also fundamentally opposed to colonies. The old Großfriedrichsburg fortress still stands today, a massive building with battlements and cannons, a manor house and casemates, just a few hours' drive from Accra, the capital of the Republic of Ghana. Despite the fact that in the 19th century Germany had many thousands of emigrants migrate across the sea every year (at least 5 million Germans are involved in the settlement of the United States of America), the political situation did not allow it to do any colonial work. There were colonial societies among the emigration associations that looked at colonization in addition to caring for the emigrants and sought to direct the flow of emigrants to certain areas.
Most of them were philanthropic in character, trying to provide housing for the poor and unemployed, while a colony, besides intelligence, also required capital. Partly for this reason, partly because of the lack of political power, the effectiveness of those clubs was mostly unsuccessful. It was only after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870/71 that the German colonial movement began to boom significantly. However, Chancellor Prince Bismarck initially limited himself to concluding trade and friendship agreements with independent rulers (Tonga, Samoa, etc.) and acquiring the ports of Saluafata (Samoa), Jaluit (Marshall Islands) and Mioko (Archipelago of New Britain) as coal stations.
However, after the Reichstag rejected the Samoa proposal in 1880 (the next episode was the establishment of the German Colonial Society), the government decided only in 1884 to take new colonial enterprises under their protection and to defend them against foreign, especially British, challenges. The telegram from the Chancellor on April 24, 1884, which officially announced the declaration of protection for the acquisitions made by the Bremen merchant Adolf Lüderitz in South West Africa in 1883, marks the birthday of the new German colonial policy. In the same year, the commercial branches of Hamburg merchants in Cameroon (June 14, 1884) and Togo (July 5, 1884) were placed under German protection.
At the same time, Carl Peters acquired the hinterland of Zanzibar on behalf of the Society for German Colonization, which would later become German-East African Society, while Otto Finsch then secured the Bismarck Archipelago for the New Guinea Campania, along with the island of New Pomerania (New Britain), the northeastern coast of New Guinea. In 1885 the Solomon Islands (April 6) and the Marshall Islands (October 15) were placed under German protection and the acquisitions of these two companies were recognized by an imperial letter of protection from February 27 and May 17, 1885. Prince Bismarck's fortune succeeded in reaching a peaceful understanding with Great Britain and France about the demarcation of the German territories, while the hinterland question was resolved through the following contracts, which gave the German protected areas, as they are officially called, their final shape and size.
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German New Guinea
Under the name German New Guinea, the German Reich took over the imperial reserve in Oceania, administered by the German New Guinea company, in 1899.
Flag raised on November 17, 1884, Deutsche Post from February 15, 1888.
The protected area German New Guinea comprised the northeastern part of the island of New Guinea, the Kaiser Wilhelms Land, the Bismarck Archipelago with the islands of New Pomerania, New Hanover and New Mecklenburg as well as the Admiralty Islands. The northern Solomon Islands of Bougainville and Buka also belonged to the protected area.
Until the establishment of own mail steamer lines to East Asia and Australia in the summer of 1886, mail was transported to and from German New Guinea by foreign ships that visited the protected area more or less regularly.
The first post offices were opened:
Finschhafen on February 15, 1888
Hatzfeldthafen on April 1, 1888
Kerawara on April 4, 1888
Constantine port on May 15, 1888
Stephansort on December 14, 1889
Herbertshöhe in June 1890
Friedrich-Wilhelmshafen on March 1, 1892
Matupi on November 1, 1894 (stamp temporarily used April 4, 1888 to May 1888 in Kerawara)
Berlinhafen on May 22, 1898.
The rare possibilities of connecting the post offices to one another caused considerable postponements in the allocation of new postage stamps; therefore, un-over-printed stamps of the German Reich can still be found while using their own stamps.
From August 1914, the British dominion of Australia occupied German New Guinea, which surrendered on September 17, 1914.
1 mark (M) = 100 pfennig (Pf)
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German East Africa
Occupation on February 27, 1885, Deutsche Post from October 4, 1890
In connection with the establishment of German East Africa, two German post offices were temporarily opened abroad from the end of 1888. Both, namely Lamu and Zanzibar, do not actually belong to the German Post in German East Africa, but are generally managed under this generic term. Both post offices were only in operation for a relatively short time and only operated stamps of the German Reich. Lamu was north of German East Africa on the coast of what would later become British East Africa and Zanzibar on the offshore island of German East Africa. Both postal agencies were closed due to the German-English Helgoland-Zanzibar contract.
German East Africa stretched from the coast to Lake Victoria in the north and Lake Nyasa in the southwest to Lake Tanganyika in the west. -
Over time, a large number of post offices, especially along the Usambara and Mittellandbahn, opened.
After the outbreak of war, the protection force set up in German East Africa was able to stand up to opposing forces for a long time, but at the end of 1917 German East Africa was completely occupied by the United Anglo-Indian, Belgian and African troops. In Versailles, the Kionga triangle (without mandate administration) was ceded to Portugal (for the occupancy costs before the assignment, see "Kionga" in the MICHEL overseas catalog). The rest of German East Africa became the mandate of the League of Nations, as a trustee Belgium and England (United Kingdom) were used.
England received the area from Tanganyika, today part of Tanzania (for occupation issues, see also under "Tanganjika" in the MICHEL-Über-Nee catalog).
Belgium received the territory of the present-day states of Rwanda and Burundi, at that time known as Rwanda-Urundi (for occupation issues, see under "Belgian Congo" and "Rwanda-Urundi" in the respective MICHEL overseas catalogs).
1 mark (M) = 100 pfennig (Pf)
from 1.1.1901: 1 rupee (R) = 64 pese (P)
from 1.4.1905: 1 rupee (R) = 100 heller (H)
Cash franking stamp
In order to limit the consumption of the increasingly scarce postage stamps, in particular the smaller stamps, as early as May 1915, it was ordered that several larger post offices (Dar es Salaam, Kigoma, Morogoro, Moschi, Muansa, Taboro, Tanga and Wilhelmsthal) have the appropriate stamp to prove franking - Income to be used. In addition to uniform metal stamps ("Fr. It. Einn./ Nachw. In / (ORT)" with box framing, rubber stamps were also used in Dar es Salaam, initially a long three- and later a four-line rubber stamp was only used for a short time in May 1915, the latter Stamps also appear again in early 1916, letters from and a rubber box stamp in Wilhelmsthal.As a rule, in addition to stating the amount received (mostly small rubber stamps), the stamps were accompanied by the hand signals of two postal officials.Free postage rates other than 2 1/2, 4 , 7 1/2 and 15 Heller sometimes require significant surcharges, as do mixed frankings between cash franking and advance franking.
The cash franking slip from Amani from June / July 1916 is very rare and only known in a few copies.
Prepayments
In order to also reduce the consumption of postage stamps at the smaller, public institutions, from January 1916 onwards, the delivery of private envelopes to postage paid was franked ("franked / with 7 1/2 H"). The envelopes were divisible by 10 at the post office counter and was made with the official seal at the authorized post offices in Dar es Salaam, Morogoro and Tanga .. They could be posted at any post office in the protected area, but were only permitted in traffic within the protected area.
For a detailed cataloging of pre-franked envelopes, see the MICHEL postal stationery catalog Germany.
Use of unprinted Germania stamps
The survey ship "Möve" and the small cruiser "Königsberg" were in the waters off German East Africa when the war broke out. After the Little Cruiser sank the English cruiser "Pegasus", he had to hide from the English in the Rufiji Delta. After the English had tracked down and shot up the ship, the ship was cleared and sunk The "Möve" (generally called "Königberg Edition"), consisting of Germania stamps without an imprint, was able to help bridge the bottleneck that arose in the protected area. They were used up temporarily in the office and are only recognizable by the stamps.
The rating applies to stamps on which the year (19) 16 is clearly legible. Real use can only occur with parcel cards and postal orders, although excellent counterfeits are known even from these. "Königsberg" stamps appearing on cards or letters as such cannot be perfect, but can only come from randomly existing private stamps (tolerated frankings).
British occupation (Mafia)
The island of Mafia, formerly part of German East Africa, was occupied by British Indian troops in January 1915. Some time later a post office was set up in Kilindini for the beginning of postal traffic. With the progression of the Anglo-Indian occupation of East Africa as a result of the decline of the German protection force, the area of the island of Mafia was connected to the neighboring area of the former German East Africa and used its stamp issues in addition to ordinary Indian postage stamps; see under Tanganjika in the Michel Ubersee catalog Volume North and East Africa.
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German Southwest Africa
German possession since August 7, 1884, Deutsche Post from July 16, 1888
German South West Africa (now Namibia) lies on the west coast of South Africa and covers an area of 836,000 km2.
In 1883 the Bremen merchant Lüderitz bought the bay from Angra Pequena and concluded corresponding contracts with the locals. On April 24, 1884, the German Reich placed the acquisition under its protection. On August 7, 1884 the German flag was hoisted in Angra Pequena (later Lüde-Ritzbucht). Despite initial difficulties, further protection contracts were concluded. In 1903 there were renewed uprisings, which could only be put down in 1907 with a protective force of up to 18,000 men.
From July 1888 the postal network was expanded to almost 100 post offices until World War I.
German South West Africa had to be handed over to the South African Union on July 9, 1915.
1 mark (M) = 100 pfennig (Pf)
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Cameroon
Flag raised on July 14, 1884, Deutsche Post from February 1, 1887
The German colony of Cameroon on the west coast of Africa comprised a coastal strip between the English colony of Nigeria and Spanish Guinea (Rio Muni). It stretched far into the hinterland and touched Lake Chad in the northeast, while in the southeast it reached the Congo after the Franco-German agreement. In their area was one of the highest elevations in West Africa, the Cameroon Hill. From August 1914, Belgian, British and French troops gradually occupied Cameroon, which had to be abandoned in January 1916 after the German protection force transferred to the Rio Muni area in Spain.
With the Versailles Treaty of 1919, Cameroon officially became the property of the League of Nations, which in turn gave a mandate to the British and French to administer. As a result, Cameroon was divided into a British Cameroon and a French Cameroon.
1 mark (M) = 100 pfennig (Pf)
British military activity: C.E.F
The Cameroons Expeditionary Force issued thirteen stamps with a ‘C.E.F.’ overprint on stamps of German Cameroon.
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Caroline Islands
Flag raised on October 12, 1899 by ceremonial handover from Spain to Ponape, Deutsche Post from October 12, 1899
The former German Caroline Islands are located in the South Pacific. The "Carolines" colonial area comprised several Melanesian archipelagos, such as the Palau and Truk Islands, but also larger islands such as Ponape, Yap and Kusaie. In the south the reserve was bordered by German New Guinea, in the north by the Mariana Islands, in the East to the Marshall Islands, the islands were sold by Spain to the German Empire, and after the Japanese entered the war in September 1914 they occupied it undefended.
Since stamps of the overprint series were available at the opening of Deutsche Post, there was no need to issue German postage stamps. However, these were tolerated as followers.
1 mark (M) = 100 pfennig (Pf)
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Dear fellow philatelists, I hope that my contributions to this forum are still interesting to read.
I spend a lot of time here, not only to tell a story but also to scan the different stamps.
Enjoy reading.
To be continued.
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Kiautschou
German lease area from March 6, 1898, Deutsche Post from January 26, 1898
The Bay of Kiautschou is located southeast of Beijing on the southeast coast of today's Shandong Province (formerly Schantung). The main town is Qingdao, formerly Tsintau (Tsingtau).
After the murder of two German missionaries in Schantung in November 1897 and the subsequent bloodless occupation of Tsing-thousand by the troops of a German cruiser squadron, a lease agreement was concluded on March 6, 1898 between the German envoy in Beijing and the Chinese government, which was to last for 99 years. It encompassed the actual lease area of Kiautschou (approx. 550 km2) and a neutral zone that stretched 50 km around Kiautschou Bay.
Tsingtau as the main town was initially a fishing village, but thanks to its rapid expansion it became increasingly important, particularly as a naval base and as a starting point for Schantung-Bahn.
During the First War of War, the capital was conquered by the Japanese on Nov. 7, 1914 and later returned to China (Dec. 10, 1922).
1 mark (M), - 100 pfennig (Pf);
from 1.10.1905: 1 (Mexican) dollar ($) = 100 cents (C)
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Mariana Islands
German protected area from June 18, 1899, Deutsche Post from November 18, 1899
The Mariana Islands lie in the Pacific Southwest of Japan and were sold by Spain to the German Empire together with the Caroline Islands and the Palau Islands by contract of February 8, 1899. The official possession took place on June 18, 1899, the flag was raised on Saipan on November 17, 1899. On November 18, 1899, the first postal agency was opened on Saipan, the initial equipment of which from the MiNr. 1 I to 61 existed. Forerunners can therefore not be found in the Mariana Islands. The postal agency Saipan remained the only postal agency in the Mariana Islands until the beginning of the First World War. Saipan was occupied by Japanese troops on October 14, 1914.
1 mark (M) = 100 pfennig (Pf)
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Marshall Islands
German ownership from October 15, 1885, Deutsche Post from March 29, 1889
The Marshall Islands as the easternmost part of Micronesia are located in the Pacific Ocean and consist of almost 900 atolls, small and smallest islands. A German naval officer was able to conclude contracts with some local chiefs as early as 1880. On October 15, 1885 the islands were finally declared a German protected area with the main town Jaluit. On October 1, 1888, the entry into the Universal Postal Union took place, but due to a misdirected letter, the first postal agency in Jaluit could only be opened on March 29, 1889. Coconut palms were grown as the main product on the islands, and on the island of Nauru, on which the only other post office was opened on July 14, 1908, large quantities of phosphates were mined.
Jaluit was occupied by Japanese troops on September 29, 1914, and Nauru on November 6, 1914 by Australian troops.
1 mark (Mk) = 100 pfennig (Pf)
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Samoa
Deutsche Post abroad from September 21, 1886, German protected area from March 1, 1900
The Samoa Islands are located in the South Pacific, around 3,500 km east of Australia. To secure the commercial interests of German companies in the South Pacific, a "German steamship agency" (as a German post office abroad) was set up in Apia (on the island of Upolu) on September 21, 1886. On December 2, 1899, the "German-American English Samoa Agreement "signed. The western part of the islands with the two main islands Upolu and Sawaii and two other small side islands fell to the German Empire, the eastern part with the island of Tutuila and a few smaller islands to America, England waived all interests. With the raising of the German flag on Upolu on 1.3.1900, Samoa became a German protected area.
The Samoa Islands were occupied on August 29, 1914 by a New Zealand Expeditionary Force with the support of English, French and Sestralian warships.
I Mark (M) = 100 Pfennig (Pf)
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Togo
Flag raised on July 5, 1884, Deutsche Post from March 1, 1888
The German colony Togo on the west coast of Africa comprised only a narrow coastal strip of the so-called slave coast with a length of approx. 50 km. From there, the area expanded into the hinterland to a maximum extent of approx. 560 km, whereby at the widest point in the north / south direction it only reached approx. 175 km. Due to its small size, it was hardly secured militarily. So Togo had to surrender on August 26, 1914 after the invasion of French and English troops.
1 mark (M) = 100 pfennig (Pf)
Postal services in Togo after the start of the War
The German colony was occupied by a combined English and French army in 1914, and stamps were issued in two languages . The stamps issued by the British occupation forces in 1914 had an overprint of ‘TOGO Anglo-French Occupation’ on the Yacht stamps of Colonial German Togo: in September-October fifteen stamps (Michel Nr. 1-15), and in January 1915 with a slightly different overprint (Michel Nr. 16-21).
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Witu protected area
After the conquest of the island cities of Patta and Siyu by Sultan Mäjid of Zanzibar in 1862, Ahmad ibn Fumo Luti, who ruled the island of Patta, fled to mainland East Africa to found an independent sultanate in Witu. In 1885, the explorers Clemens and Gustav Denhardt negotiated a protection contract between Sultan Ahmad and the German Reich and acquired the area between Witu and the coast. From May 27, 1885 to July 1890, the Witu area ("Swahili country") was under German patronage. Its borders ran along the places Schagga, Kipini, Kiromandi, Witu, Fungasombo and Mkanumbi.
In order to secure the postal connections, a German postal agency was founded on November 22, 1888 in Lamu (in the Sultanate of Zanzibar) (see German East Africa). It used the stamps of the German Reich.
In the German-English "Treaty on the Colonies and Heligoland" dated July 1, 1890, the German Empire ceded the patronage over the Witu area to Great Britain.
The stamps listed below were initiated by the Denhardt brothers and issued during the government of Fumo Bakari, the son of Ahmad. In 1930 holdings of the edition were found in the consul of Denhardt.
Currency: 1 rupee (R) = 64 pesa (P)
NEXT STAMPS ARE NOT MINE!
A SAW THIS LOT ON THE INTERNET AND TRIED TO BUY IT.
BUT
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Henry:
The historical information you have been providing us is absolutely fantastic! Better than Wikipedia!
Would you be ok with SOR members copying some of your work for non-commercial purposes? I’m thinking specifically for use in my albums and with The Holocaust Stamps (Canada) project.
Many thanks for your contributions! During this time it is Much better than reading comments from members slagging each other for their opinions on Covid!
Cheers, Dave.
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"Henry:
The historical information you have been providing us is absolutely fantastic! Better than Wikipedia!
Would you be ok with SOR members copying some of your work for non-commercial purposes? I’m thinking specifically for use in my albums and with The Holocaust Stamps (Canada) project.
Many thanks for your contributions! During this time it is Much better than reading comments from members slagging each other for their opinions on Covid!
Cheers, Dave."
Thanks Dave!
That is the purpose of it.
Collecting stamps is so much more than putting a stamp in your album.
Sometimes the story behind it is more interesting.
And feel free to use the material I provided. (Mentioning my name would be nice)
The most is from the different Michel catalogs, Books I have (look at the bottom of thread https://stamporama.com/discboard/disc_main.php?action=20&id=24095#171047 as an example), The Internet of course and in all those years I collect my fellow stamp-collectors.
P.S.
Can someone explain where SOR stands for. I see that often in this Forum.
I am a foreigner eh
uhhhhhhhhhh sometimes this editor drives me nuts...
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Stamp-O-Rama
Thank you for the incredible and invaluable information that you provide!
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Oops.
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Next Thread will handle about "Deutsche Ausland-postämter" or translated "German postoffices abroad"
But give me some time to gather and translate the material.
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Henry:
A fantastic layout, I love it.
I also collect German New Guinea. After your fine post
I believe I will look closer at the other German Colonies and start adding them to my
collection.
Thanks
Jack
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Hello HockeyNut
I thank you for continuing the postings about the German stamps, that I collect too.
I have some German Ost Afrika stamps and I started looking for a site for sale.
I was surprised at how many forgeries I found (I identify them by the line perforation and the lack of the flag line to the mast)
Because from previous posts I know your stamps are certified, please be nice if you can post a few better resolution stamps with the colony name overprint so that they can be used as a reference for me.
I guess there are fake overprints,too.
Thank you again.
George
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Well Gerom,
Have a look at the following site :
https://stampforgeries.com/forged-stamps-of-german-east-africa/
and NOT ALL of my stamps are certified, only the more expensive ones.
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Examples :
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Thank you,HockeyNut
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Germany had no colonies until 1884; however, the merchant families Ehinger and Welser had received part of Venezuela (Neuvenedig) from the Spanish crown as a family loan in 1528–55. The Great Elector of Brandenburg had also attempted colonization and leased a factory from the Danes on the west Indian island of St. Thomas. On January 1, 1683, the Major von der Gröben in Africa hoisted the Brandenburg flag with the red eagle on a white field at the Cape of the Three Peaks and laid the foundation stone for the Großfriedrichsburg fortress. However, the undertakings under Friedrich Wilhelm's successor fell into disrepair and were completely abandoned in 1718.
Frederick II was also fundamentally opposed to colonies. The old Großfriedrichsburg fortress still stands today, a massive building with battlements and cannons, a manor house and casemates, just a few hours' drive from Accra, the capital of the Republic of Ghana. Despite the fact that in the 19th century Germany had many thousands of emigrants migrate across the sea every year (at least 5 million Germans are involved in the settlement of the United States of America), the political situation did not allow it to do any colonial work. There were colonial societies among the emigration associations that looked at colonization in addition to caring for the emigrants and sought to direct the flow of emigrants to certain areas.
Most of them were philanthropic in character, trying to provide housing for the poor and unemployed, while a colony, besides intelligence, also required capital. Partly for this reason, partly because of the lack of political power, the effectiveness of those clubs was mostly unsuccessful. It was only after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870/71 that the German colonial movement began to boom significantly. However, Chancellor Prince Bismarck initially limited himself to concluding trade and friendship agreements with independent rulers (Tonga, Samoa, etc.) and acquiring the ports of Saluafata (Samoa), Jaluit (Marshall Islands) and Mioko (Archipelago of New Britain) as coal stations.
However, after the Reichstag rejected the Samoa proposal in 1880 (the next episode was the establishment of the German Colonial Society), the government decided only in 1884 to take new colonial enterprises under their protection and to defend them against foreign, especially British, challenges. The telegram from the Chancellor on April 24, 1884, which officially announced the declaration of protection for the acquisitions made by the Bremen merchant Adolf Lüderitz in South West Africa in 1883, marks the birthday of the new German colonial policy. In the same year, the commercial branches of Hamburg merchants in Cameroon (June 14, 1884) and Togo (July 5, 1884) were placed under German protection.
At the same time, Carl Peters acquired the hinterland of Zanzibar on behalf of the Society for German Colonization, which would later become German-East African Society, while Otto Finsch then secured the Bismarck Archipelago for the New Guinea Campania, along with the island of New Pomerania (New Britain), the northeastern coast of New Guinea. In 1885 the Solomon Islands (April 6) and the Marshall Islands (October 15) were placed under German protection and the acquisitions of these two companies were recognized by an imperial letter of protection from February 27 and May 17, 1885. Prince Bismarck's fortune succeeded in reaching a peaceful understanding with Great Britain and France about the demarcation of the German territories, while the hinterland question was resolved through the following contracts, which gave the German protected areas, as they are officially called, their final shape and size.
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re: Deutsche Kolonien / German Colonies
German New Guinea
Under the name German New Guinea, the German Reich took over the imperial reserve in Oceania, administered by the German New Guinea company, in 1899.
Flag raised on November 17, 1884, Deutsche Post from February 15, 1888.
The protected area German New Guinea comprised the northeastern part of the island of New Guinea, the Kaiser Wilhelms Land, the Bismarck Archipelago with the islands of New Pomerania, New Hanover and New Mecklenburg as well as the Admiralty Islands. The northern Solomon Islands of Bougainville and Buka also belonged to the protected area.
Until the establishment of own mail steamer lines to East Asia and Australia in the summer of 1886, mail was transported to and from German New Guinea by foreign ships that visited the protected area more or less regularly.
The first post offices were opened:
Finschhafen on February 15, 1888
Hatzfeldthafen on April 1, 1888
Kerawara on April 4, 1888
Constantine port on May 15, 1888
Stephansort on December 14, 1889
Herbertshöhe in June 1890
Friedrich-Wilhelmshafen on March 1, 1892
Matupi on November 1, 1894 (stamp temporarily used April 4, 1888 to May 1888 in Kerawara)
Berlinhafen on May 22, 1898.
The rare possibilities of connecting the post offices to one another caused considerable postponements in the allocation of new postage stamps; therefore, un-over-printed stamps of the German Reich can still be found while using their own stamps.
From August 1914, the British dominion of Australia occupied German New Guinea, which surrendered on September 17, 1914.
1 mark (M) = 100 pfennig (Pf)
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re: Deutsche Kolonien / German Colonies
German East Africa
Occupation on February 27, 1885, Deutsche Post from October 4, 1890
In connection with the establishment of German East Africa, two German post offices were temporarily opened abroad from the end of 1888. Both, namely Lamu and Zanzibar, do not actually belong to the German Post in German East Africa, but are generally managed under this generic term. Both post offices were only in operation for a relatively short time and only operated stamps of the German Reich. Lamu was north of German East Africa on the coast of what would later become British East Africa and Zanzibar on the offshore island of German East Africa. Both postal agencies were closed due to the German-English Helgoland-Zanzibar contract.
German East Africa stretched from the coast to Lake Victoria in the north and Lake Nyasa in the southwest to Lake Tanganyika in the west. -
Over time, a large number of post offices, especially along the Usambara and Mittellandbahn, opened.
After the outbreak of war, the protection force set up in German East Africa was able to stand up to opposing forces for a long time, but at the end of 1917 German East Africa was completely occupied by the United Anglo-Indian, Belgian and African troops. In Versailles, the Kionga triangle (without mandate administration) was ceded to Portugal (for the occupancy costs before the assignment, see "Kionga" in the MICHEL overseas catalog). The rest of German East Africa became the mandate of the League of Nations, as a trustee Belgium and England (United Kingdom) were used.
England received the area from Tanganyika, today part of Tanzania (for occupation issues, see also under "Tanganjika" in the MICHEL-Über-Nee catalog).
Belgium received the territory of the present-day states of Rwanda and Burundi, at that time known as Rwanda-Urundi (for occupation issues, see under "Belgian Congo" and "Rwanda-Urundi" in the respective MICHEL overseas catalogs).
1 mark (M) = 100 pfennig (Pf)
from 1.1.1901: 1 rupee (R) = 64 pese (P)
from 1.4.1905: 1 rupee (R) = 100 heller (H)
Cash franking stamp
In order to limit the consumption of the increasingly scarce postage stamps, in particular the smaller stamps, as early as May 1915, it was ordered that several larger post offices (Dar es Salaam, Kigoma, Morogoro, Moschi, Muansa, Taboro, Tanga and Wilhelmsthal) have the appropriate stamp to prove franking - Income to be used. In addition to uniform metal stamps ("Fr. It. Einn./ Nachw. In / (ORT)" with box framing, rubber stamps were also used in Dar es Salaam, initially a long three- and later a four-line rubber stamp was only used for a short time in May 1915, the latter Stamps also appear again in early 1916, letters from and a rubber box stamp in Wilhelmsthal.As a rule, in addition to stating the amount received (mostly small rubber stamps), the stamps were accompanied by the hand signals of two postal officials.Free postage rates other than 2 1/2, 4 , 7 1/2 and 15 Heller sometimes require significant surcharges, as do mixed frankings between cash franking and advance franking.
The cash franking slip from Amani from June / July 1916 is very rare and only known in a few copies.
Prepayments
In order to also reduce the consumption of postage stamps at the smaller, public institutions, from January 1916 onwards, the delivery of private envelopes to postage paid was franked ("franked / with 7 1/2 H"). The envelopes were divisible by 10 at the post office counter and was made with the official seal at the authorized post offices in Dar es Salaam, Morogoro and Tanga .. They could be posted at any post office in the protected area, but were only permitted in traffic within the protected area.
For a detailed cataloging of pre-franked envelopes, see the MICHEL postal stationery catalog Germany.
Use of unprinted Germania stamps
The survey ship "Möve" and the small cruiser "Königsberg" were in the waters off German East Africa when the war broke out. After the Little Cruiser sank the English cruiser "Pegasus", he had to hide from the English in the Rufiji Delta. After the English had tracked down and shot up the ship, the ship was cleared and sunk The "Möve" (generally called "Königberg Edition"), consisting of Germania stamps without an imprint, was able to help bridge the bottleneck that arose in the protected area. They were used up temporarily in the office and are only recognizable by the stamps.
The rating applies to stamps on which the year (19) 16 is clearly legible. Real use can only occur with parcel cards and postal orders, although excellent counterfeits are known even from these. "Königsberg" stamps appearing on cards or letters as such cannot be perfect, but can only come from randomly existing private stamps (tolerated frankings).
British occupation (Mafia)
The island of Mafia, formerly part of German East Africa, was occupied by British Indian troops in January 1915. Some time later a post office was set up in Kilindini for the beginning of postal traffic. With the progression of the Anglo-Indian occupation of East Africa as a result of the decline of the German protection force, the area of the island of Mafia was connected to the neighboring area of the former German East Africa and used its stamp issues in addition to ordinary Indian postage stamps; see under Tanganjika in the Michel Ubersee catalog Volume North and East Africa.
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re: Deutsche Kolonien / German Colonies
German Southwest Africa
German possession since August 7, 1884, Deutsche Post from July 16, 1888
German South West Africa (now Namibia) lies on the west coast of South Africa and covers an area of 836,000 km2.
In 1883 the Bremen merchant Lüderitz bought the bay from Angra Pequena and concluded corresponding contracts with the locals. On April 24, 1884, the German Reich placed the acquisition under its protection. On August 7, 1884 the German flag was hoisted in Angra Pequena (later Lüde-Ritzbucht). Despite initial difficulties, further protection contracts were concluded. In 1903 there were renewed uprisings, which could only be put down in 1907 with a protective force of up to 18,000 men.
From July 1888 the postal network was expanded to almost 100 post offices until World War I.
German South West Africa had to be handed over to the South African Union on July 9, 1915.
1 mark (M) = 100 pfennig (Pf)
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Cameroon
Flag raised on July 14, 1884, Deutsche Post from February 1, 1887
The German colony of Cameroon on the west coast of Africa comprised a coastal strip between the English colony of Nigeria and Spanish Guinea (Rio Muni). It stretched far into the hinterland and touched Lake Chad in the northeast, while in the southeast it reached the Congo after the Franco-German agreement. In their area was one of the highest elevations in West Africa, the Cameroon Hill. From August 1914, Belgian, British and French troops gradually occupied Cameroon, which had to be abandoned in January 1916 after the German protection force transferred to the Rio Muni area in Spain.
With the Versailles Treaty of 1919, Cameroon officially became the property of the League of Nations, which in turn gave a mandate to the British and French to administer. As a result, Cameroon was divided into a British Cameroon and a French Cameroon.
1 mark (M) = 100 pfennig (Pf)
British military activity: C.E.F
The Cameroons Expeditionary Force issued thirteen stamps with a ‘C.E.F.’ overprint on stamps of German Cameroon.
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re: Deutsche Kolonien / German Colonies
Caroline Islands
Flag raised on October 12, 1899 by ceremonial handover from Spain to Ponape, Deutsche Post from October 12, 1899
The former German Caroline Islands are located in the South Pacific. The "Carolines" colonial area comprised several Melanesian archipelagos, such as the Palau and Truk Islands, but also larger islands such as Ponape, Yap and Kusaie. In the south the reserve was bordered by German New Guinea, in the north by the Mariana Islands, in the East to the Marshall Islands, the islands were sold by Spain to the German Empire, and after the Japanese entered the war in September 1914 they occupied it undefended.
Since stamps of the overprint series were available at the opening of Deutsche Post, there was no need to issue German postage stamps. However, these were tolerated as followers.
1 mark (M) = 100 pfennig (Pf)
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re: Deutsche Kolonien / German Colonies
Dear fellow philatelists, I hope that my contributions to this forum are still interesting to read.
I spend a lot of time here, not only to tell a story but also to scan the different stamps.
Enjoy reading.
To be continued.
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re: Deutsche Kolonien / German Colonies
Kiautschou
German lease area from March 6, 1898, Deutsche Post from January 26, 1898
The Bay of Kiautschou is located southeast of Beijing on the southeast coast of today's Shandong Province (formerly Schantung). The main town is Qingdao, formerly Tsintau (Tsingtau).
After the murder of two German missionaries in Schantung in November 1897 and the subsequent bloodless occupation of Tsing-thousand by the troops of a German cruiser squadron, a lease agreement was concluded on March 6, 1898 between the German envoy in Beijing and the Chinese government, which was to last for 99 years. It encompassed the actual lease area of Kiautschou (approx. 550 km2) and a neutral zone that stretched 50 km around Kiautschou Bay.
Tsingtau as the main town was initially a fishing village, but thanks to its rapid expansion it became increasingly important, particularly as a naval base and as a starting point for Schantung-Bahn.
During the First War of War, the capital was conquered by the Japanese on Nov. 7, 1914 and later returned to China (Dec. 10, 1922).
1 mark (M), - 100 pfennig (Pf);
from 1.10.1905: 1 (Mexican) dollar ($) = 100 cents (C)
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Mariana Islands
German protected area from June 18, 1899, Deutsche Post from November 18, 1899
The Mariana Islands lie in the Pacific Southwest of Japan and were sold by Spain to the German Empire together with the Caroline Islands and the Palau Islands by contract of February 8, 1899. The official possession took place on June 18, 1899, the flag was raised on Saipan on November 17, 1899. On November 18, 1899, the first postal agency was opened on Saipan, the initial equipment of which from the MiNr. 1 I to 61 existed. Forerunners can therefore not be found in the Mariana Islands. The postal agency Saipan remained the only postal agency in the Mariana Islands until the beginning of the First World War. Saipan was occupied by Japanese troops on October 14, 1914.
1 mark (M) = 100 pfennig (Pf)
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Marshall Islands
German ownership from October 15, 1885, Deutsche Post from March 29, 1889
The Marshall Islands as the easternmost part of Micronesia are located in the Pacific Ocean and consist of almost 900 atolls, small and smallest islands. A German naval officer was able to conclude contracts with some local chiefs as early as 1880. On October 15, 1885 the islands were finally declared a German protected area with the main town Jaluit. On October 1, 1888, the entry into the Universal Postal Union took place, but due to a misdirected letter, the first postal agency in Jaluit could only be opened on March 29, 1889. Coconut palms were grown as the main product on the islands, and on the island of Nauru, on which the only other post office was opened on July 14, 1908, large quantities of phosphates were mined.
Jaluit was occupied by Japanese troops on September 29, 1914, and Nauru on November 6, 1914 by Australian troops.
1 mark (Mk) = 100 pfennig (Pf)
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re: Deutsche Kolonien / German Colonies
Samoa
Deutsche Post abroad from September 21, 1886, German protected area from March 1, 1900
The Samoa Islands are located in the South Pacific, around 3,500 km east of Australia. To secure the commercial interests of German companies in the South Pacific, a "German steamship agency" (as a German post office abroad) was set up in Apia (on the island of Upolu) on September 21, 1886. On December 2, 1899, the "German-American English Samoa Agreement "signed. The western part of the islands with the two main islands Upolu and Sawaii and two other small side islands fell to the German Empire, the eastern part with the island of Tutuila and a few smaller islands to America, England waived all interests. With the raising of the German flag on Upolu on 1.3.1900, Samoa became a German protected area.
The Samoa Islands were occupied on August 29, 1914 by a New Zealand Expeditionary Force with the support of English, French and Sestralian warships.
I Mark (M) = 100 Pfennig (Pf)
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re: Deutsche Kolonien / German Colonies
Togo
Flag raised on July 5, 1884, Deutsche Post from March 1, 1888
The German colony Togo on the west coast of Africa comprised only a narrow coastal strip of the so-called slave coast with a length of approx. 50 km. From there, the area expanded into the hinterland to a maximum extent of approx. 560 km, whereby at the widest point in the north / south direction it only reached approx. 175 km. Due to its small size, it was hardly secured militarily. So Togo had to surrender on August 26, 1914 after the invasion of French and English troops.
1 mark (M) = 100 pfennig (Pf)
Postal services in Togo after the start of the War
The German colony was occupied by a combined English and French army in 1914, and stamps were issued in two languages . The stamps issued by the British occupation forces in 1914 had an overprint of ‘TOGO Anglo-French Occupation’ on the Yacht stamps of Colonial German Togo: in September-October fifteen stamps (Michel Nr. 1-15), and in January 1915 with a slightly different overprint (Michel Nr. 16-21).
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re: Deutsche Kolonien / German Colonies
Witu protected area
After the conquest of the island cities of Patta and Siyu by Sultan Mäjid of Zanzibar in 1862, Ahmad ibn Fumo Luti, who ruled the island of Patta, fled to mainland East Africa to found an independent sultanate in Witu. In 1885, the explorers Clemens and Gustav Denhardt negotiated a protection contract between Sultan Ahmad and the German Reich and acquired the area between Witu and the coast. From May 27, 1885 to July 1890, the Witu area ("Swahili country") was under German patronage. Its borders ran along the places Schagga, Kipini, Kiromandi, Witu, Fungasombo and Mkanumbi.
In order to secure the postal connections, a German postal agency was founded on November 22, 1888 in Lamu (in the Sultanate of Zanzibar) (see German East Africa). It used the stamps of the German Reich.
In the German-English "Treaty on the Colonies and Heligoland" dated July 1, 1890, the German Empire ceded the patronage over the Witu area to Great Britain.
The stamps listed below were initiated by the Denhardt brothers and issued during the government of Fumo Bakari, the son of Ahmad. In 1930 holdings of the edition were found in the consul of Denhardt.
Currency: 1 rupee (R) = 64 pesa (P)
NEXT STAMPS ARE NOT MINE!
A SAW THIS LOT ON THE INTERNET AND TRIED TO BUY IT.
BUT
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re: Deutsche Kolonien / German Colonies
Henry:
The historical information you have been providing us is absolutely fantastic! Better than Wikipedia!
Would you be ok with SOR members copying some of your work for non-commercial purposes? I’m thinking specifically for use in my albums and with The Holocaust Stamps (Canada) project.
Many thanks for your contributions! During this time it is Much better than reading comments from members slagging each other for their opinions on Covid!
Cheers, Dave.
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re: Deutsche Kolonien / German Colonies
"Henry:
The historical information you have been providing us is absolutely fantastic! Better than Wikipedia!
Would you be ok with SOR members copying some of your work for non-commercial purposes? I’m thinking specifically for use in my albums and with The Holocaust Stamps (Canada) project.
Many thanks for your contributions! During this time it is Much better than reading comments from members slagging each other for their opinions on Covid!
Cheers, Dave."
Thanks Dave!
That is the purpose of it.
Collecting stamps is so much more than putting a stamp in your album.
Sometimes the story behind it is more interesting.
And feel free to use the material I provided. (Mentioning my name would be nice)
The most is from the different Michel catalogs, Books I have (look at the bottom of thread https://stamporama.com/discboard/disc_main.php?action=20&id=24095#171047 as an example), The Internet of course and in all those years I collect my fellow stamp-collectors.
P.S.
Can someone explain where SOR stands for. I see that often in this Forum.
I am a foreigner eh
uhhhhhhhhhh sometimes this editor drives me nuts...
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01:28:44pm
re: Deutsche Kolonien / German Colonies
Stamp-O-Rama
Thank you for the incredible and invaluable information that you provide!
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re: Deutsche Kolonien / German Colonies
Oops.
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re: Deutsche Kolonien / German Colonies
Next Thread will handle about "Deutsche Ausland-postämter" or translated "German postoffices abroad"
But give me some time to gather and translate the material.
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re: Deutsche Kolonien / German Colonies
Henry:
A fantastic layout, I love it.
I also collect German New Guinea. After your fine post
I believe I will look closer at the other German Colonies and start adding them to my
collection.
Thanks
Jack
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02:38:29pm
re: Deutsche Kolonien / German Colonies
Hello HockeyNut
I thank you for continuing the postings about the German stamps, that I collect too.
I have some German Ost Afrika stamps and I started looking for a site for sale.
I was surprised at how many forgeries I found (I identify them by the line perforation and the lack of the flag line to the mast)
Because from previous posts I know your stamps are certified, please be nice if you can post a few better resolution stamps with the colony name overprint so that they can be used as a reference for me.
I guess there are fake overprints,too.
Thank you again.
George
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re: Deutsche Kolonien / German Colonies
Well Gerom,
Have a look at the following site :
https://stampforgeries.com/forged-stamps-of-german-east-africa/
and NOT ALL of my stamps are certified, only the more expensive ones.
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re: Deutsche Kolonien / German Colonies
Examples :
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08:45:22am
re: Deutsche Kolonien / German Colonies
Thank you,HockeyNut
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